described the first heralds of teaching according to the Gospel and the customs handed down from the beginning by the Apostles.’ From all of this it is quite reasonable for Epiphanius to refer to ‘so-called followers of the apostles.’ He is relating the sense of what he has read in Eusebius. A further look at how he adapts the notice of Eusebius will be useful when we come to the main problem below. In 5,2 Epiphanius relates that Philo ‘was helped in the monasteries of the region.’ Now as a matter